LONEITUTE THIAN
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
I. Pesticides hi pests tih leh cide tih atanga lak a ni a, “pests” tih awmzia chu buh leh bal, thlai leh thei tichhetu thil nung chi hrang hrang, hnim tiama sawina a ni a, “cide “ chu that tihna a ni. Tichuan Pesticides awmzia chu buh leh bal, thlai leh thei tichhetu thil nung chi hrang hrang suat nana hman , bawlhlo(chemicals) tihna a ni. Pesticides hi a bawlhlo a zir leh a thil nung suat theih a zirin chi hrang hrang ah then a ni a, chung te chu :
1) Insecticides: Insecticides chu Rannnung thahna hlo chi
hrang hrang hi a ni. e.g. Rogor, Dimecron, Nuvan, Thiodan, Sumicidin etc Rannung thahna hlo hi thlai
tichhetu zingah rannung suat nan chauha hman tur a ni.
2) Fungicides : Fungicides chu thlaia natna thlentu, Fungi
(hmuar chi khat) laka thlai venna damdawi a ni. e.g Dithane M45, Bavistin, Captan, Sulphur etc. Fungicides
hi rannung thahna hlo a nih loh avangin rannung suat nan hman loh tur a ni a, rannungin huat pawh an haw lo.
3) Bactericides: Bactericides chu thlaia natna thlentu Bacteria
laka thlai venna damdawi a ni. e.g. Agrimycin, Plantomycin etc.
4) Nematicides : Nematicides chu thlai rulhut , mit lawnga hmuh
tham loh suatna bawlhlo a ni. e.g Nemagon, Fumagon etc.
5) Herbicides : Herbicides hi hnim tur a ni a, Weedicides ti
pawhin an sawi bawk e.g Glyphosate, 2,4-D Butachlor etc
6) Rodenticides : Rodenticides chu sazu tur chi hrang
hrang hi a ni . E.g . Zinc Phosphide, Roban cake, Celphos etc.
7) Acaricides : Acaricides chu maimawm te tak te te,
thlai hnah leh a kunga tuihnang (sap) dawt thin, ke 8 nei thahna hlo ho hi a ni. E.g. Dicofol, Tetradifon etc.
8) Mulluscicides : Mulluscicides chu pangpar leh thlai
tiak hlim ei chi piring te / hnapkhawnte /Kawngkawrawi te chi suatna hlo hi a ni. E.g. Metaldehyde etc.
Heng bakah hian kudam leh buhzem liana rannung tihhlumna chi Aluminium phosphide te, Methyl Bromide
etc et, Neem atanga siam rannung thahna hlo anga hman pawh hi Pesticides zinga chhiar vek a ni.
Pesticides hi chi hrang tam tak awm a, Insecticides Act, 1968 dan hnuaiah hman theih turin avaiin
Pesticides chi hrang 143 register a ni. Amaherawhchu Insecticides zing a mi DDT , BHC, Aldrin, Chlordane,
Calcium cyanide, Dibromochloropropans, Endrin, Ethyl Mercury chlorode, Ethyl Parathion, Heptachlor,
Menazon, Nicotine Sulphate, Nitrofen, Paraquate dimethyl Sulphate, Pentechloronitro benzene, Pentachloronitrophenol,
Phenyl Mercury acetate, Toxaphane, Sodium methane arsenate. Tetradifon te hi chu buh leh thlai hmuna
hman khap tlat a ni tawh a ni. Heng bakah hian thlai hmuna hman phal loh , a hmanna tur ruahman bik pawh a la awm bawk.
II. India rama Pesticides chi hrang hrang 143 te hi mihring, ran, ramsa,
sava leh sangha tan tur a ni a, fimkhur taka mithiam te rawn chunga a hmanna tur dik tak chauha hman tur
a ni . A lawngin emaw tui nena pawlh pawhin mihring tan phei chuan tur hlauhawm tak, thihpui theih a ni a,
kawl leh hman kawngah fimkhur em em tur a ni. Thlai ven nan pawh a nazawnga hman mai mai tur a ni lo.
Kan thiam dan kawng dang hman hnu pawha loh theih loha hman a ngaih hunah chauh Pesticides hi a hmanna tur
dik takah chauh hman tur a ni.
III. Pesticides hman dawnin hengte hi zawm thlap tur a ni:
1) Pesticides hmanna tur chu rannung suatna tur nge natna laka thlai venna tur nge hnim tur hman tur zawk tih hriat chian phawt tur a ni.
2) Pesticides hman tur chu mithiamte chawh (prescribed) ngei chauh hman tur a ni.
3) Tui nena pawlh zat tur dik tak chauh pawlh tur a ni. Mizo chuan mithiamte sawi zawm lovin a aia taka chawhpawlh an ching a, hei hi a him lovin a pawi thei tih hriat reng tur a ni.
4) Pesticides chu a bur/Bawm pawnah/pangah a siam thla leh kum leh a chhiat hun thla leh kum a inziaka, a la thi lo (expire lo) ngei chauh hman tur a ni.
5) Pesticides hman bang chu cold drink bur leh bur dangah dah loh tur a ni, a hre lo ten in palh a hlauhawm.
6) Pesticides reng reng mahni thua chawhpawlh loh tur. A chhan chu chawhpawlh vang hian a chakna a bo vek thei a, a chak lutuk thei bawk.
7) Pesticides chu bawm kalh theihah dah tur a ni a, Mi-anglo , tar leh naupang khawih theihah dah loh tur a ni.
8) Hman bang dahthat tham a nih loh chuan leiah phum bo tur a ni.
9) Pesticides bur ruak reng reng thil dah nan hman loh tur a ni, leia phum bo tur a ni.
10) Pesticides hi mihring leh ran tan tur a ni a, vanduai palh thilthua in palh leh ei palhin sawrkarah zangnadawmna beisei chi a ni lo. Hei vang hian mahni duhthu ngeia hman a nih vangin harsatna a awmin midang puhmawh theih a ni lo.
IV. Pesticides kah laiin hengte hi zawm ngei tur a ni:
1. Kawr bantlawn leh kekawrtlawn hak ngei tur a ni a, lukhum khum tur a ni a, a theih chuan tarmit vuah bawk tur a ni. Chubakah hmui leh hnar tuam bawk tur a ni a, pheikhawk bun bawk tur a ni.
2. Kah laiin engmah thial leh eiloh tur a ni. Sahdah hmuam leh kuhva siama eiloh bawk tur a ni.
3. Nikhatah mipakhatin chawl lovin darkar 5 aia rei kah loh tur a ni.
4. Kah hun tha ber chu ni nem lai-Chawhma lam leh tlai lam hi a ni, a theih
phawt chuan chhun vanglaiin kah loh tur a ni.
5. Kah laiin a kaptu kha thli beng lamah awm loh tur a ni a, thli beng lamah sprayer kahchik hmawr (nozzlle) lek zawk tur a ni.
6. Hmaih awm lovin a kim thei ang bera kah tur a ni.
7. Kah zawhah sahbon a fai taka inbual tur a ni a, thawmhnaw pawh sukfai nghal tur a ni.
8. Kahna bur (sprayer) pawh fai taka thuah nghal a, bunthlit tur a ni. (hnim tur kahna kha thuahfai lova rannung thahna hlo kah nana hman palh chuan thlai a chhe thei).
9. Insecticides zingah tui nena pawlh chi loh a awm a, chungte chu :- Carbofuran 3g (Furadan) Phorate 10G(Temik) etc. Heng hi antam chi anga mum hri hre a ni a, saranga kut tuam chunga phul chi a ni.
10. Seed treating fungicides atana hman a nih dawn chuan Carbendazim leh Captan te hi tui nena pawlh tur a ni lova, thlai chi tuh tur kha tlema tui tihhnawn hnuah bur chhin neiah thin pawlh mai tur a ni. E.g Captan 3gm leh thlaichi 1kg thin pawlh tur a ni.
11. Hnim tur hman dawn chuan mithiamte sawi ang zawn hram hram tur a ni. Hnim tur thenkhat chu thlaichi thlak hnu, a to chhuah hmaa hman tur a ni a, a then chu thlaichib thlak hmaa hman chi te a awm bawk . A tlangpuiin thei huan tih lovah chuan thlai to hnua hnim tur hman hi a him lo. Leiletah erawh chuan Butachlor hi Buh phun sawn atanga ni 2 chhunga hman tur a ni thung. Hnim tur thenkhat chu hnah bial chi suat nana hman tur a ni a, a then chu di leh thang suat nana hman tur a ni thung.
V.Pesticides kah hnua hriat tur te :
1) Thlai ven nana insecticides emaw fungicides emaw bactericides emaw kah reng rengin kah ni atanga chhiara ni 7 chhunga chu pesticides kahna thlai leh thei kha ei atan leh zawrh atana lak miah loh tur a ni. Hei hi lo neituten zawm thlap a pawimawh em em a ni. Hemi hun chhung hi a nghah chhung “ waiting period” an ti a ni. A bik takin chawhmeh lam chi thlai phei chu a hela ei chi a nih phei chuan kah zawha laka ei mai hi a hlauhawm em em a ni.
2) Insecticides kah hian thlai eichhetu rannung zawng zawng kha an thi nghal duak tura beisei tur a ni lo, a thawh dan a zirin a then muangchangin an thi a, a thenin an kian san a, a chang chuan a tui a chhe bawk. Hei vang hian rannung a thih nghalna tur anga takin insecticides kah reng reng tur a ni lo, a heksak bakaha hlauhawm bawk a ni.
3) Pesticides kah hmain thlai hnah, a par, a rah leh a bul te lak a tul a nih chuan lak phawt tur a ni a, a hnuah kah chauh tur a ni.
4) Pesticides chawhpawlhna hmanrua bucket, tin, chawhtawlh etc. te hi silfai tur a ni a, thil dang atan hman loh tur a ni.